Auger



(No Model.) 7 V I. T. PAYNE.

AUGER. No. 270,977. Patented Jan. 23, 188.3.

' UNITED STATES PATENT Orr-ice.

IRA T. PAYNE, OF ESSEX, CONNECTICUT.

AUGER.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 270,977, dated January23, 1883.

Application filed October 24, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, IRA T. PAYNE, ofEssex, in the county of Middlesexand State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and usefulImprovements in Double-TwistAuger-Bits and I do hereby declare that thefollowing is a full and exact description thereof.

I have devised a construction of'auger-bit which offers all the ordinaryadvantages due to the best constructions known, and is superior thereto,inasmuch as the manufacture is conducted with less difficulties and maybe carried on at less expense than heretofore.

The object of the invention is to provide near the cutting-edgesaperipheral surface or lead of largely increased area, so as to steadythe anger in its operation, particularly when deep holes are to bedrilled in wood of unequal hardness from knots or other cause, wherethere is danger of the hole being deflected and the auger being crookedout of shape and broken. I extend the floor-lips at the properinclination farther backward than has been done heretofore, or, rather,I increase the thickness of the twisted blade near the extremity in suchmanner that the floorlips reach much farther backward than would be thecase if the same floor-lips were formed in a twisted blade of theordinary thickness.

The accompanying drawings form a part of this specification, andrepresent my improved auger in what I consider its most perfect form.

Figure 1 is a side elevation, and Fig. 2 an end view. Fig. 3 is asection on the line 8 s, Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section on the line t t,Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a section on the line u a, Fig. 1.

Fig.6 is a section on the line a v, Fig.1. Fig.

7 is a diagram representing one of the circunr ferential edges of thetwisted blade at and near the end of the auger developed in a plane,instead of being wound helically around the cylinder.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

A is the pod or twist of my anger. The metal near the cutting-edges B Bis considerably thickened on the lower surface of each of the twohelical grooves, as represented at A. The cutting-edges B B are formedby the junction of the upper surfaces, a, of the helical blade withinclined planes or floor-lips a, said floor-lips forming the bottomsurface of the portion A, having increased thickness. This increasedthickness A may be quite abrupt at the rear end, droppingperpendicularly or with a very slight inclination or curve from thegeneral .helical surfaces, as shown at M. The rear edge of thefloor-lips, or the line of junction of the floor-lip with the offset,also may be sharp; but I prefer to slightly round them off. I

C C are spurs serving the ordinary function to circularly incise thewood previous to the cutting'off or lifting of the chips by thecutting-edges B B. These spurs C 0 drop from the planes of thefloor-lips, and are preferably, for convenience of manufacture, formedStraight on their inner surfaces.

I am aware that previous to my invention auger-bits have beenconstructed in such manner as to offer considerable guiding-surfaces ot'the lead near the cutting-edges; but in doubletwist angers it has alwaysbeen considered necessary to preserve the general surface of the helicalgrooves as near as possible up to the cutting-edges, and the removal ofthe metal in such manner as to simply prolong the spur backward to formthe guiding-surface, while the general surface of the helical grooves isattended with great labor and necessitates expensive machinery.

I am also aware that in double-twist angers with a single cutting-lipthe result sought for by my invention has been obtained in some measureby simply not continuing the idle or inoperative groove clear up to theextremity; but in that case, aside from the objection that such anaugeris aless perfect tool than a doubletwist auger, the increasedguiding-surface is obtained only on one side, and that opposite to thecutting-edge. I attain the result by greatly increasing the thickness ofthe entire twisted blade on the lower side near the extremity. Thisfeature involves no expense, as such increased thickness is formed inthe manufacture of the drop-forging from which the anger is made. Theonly increased labor required in the manufacture of my tool consists inthe formation of floor-lips of larger area than those of ordinaryangers; but such floor-lips may be'a-nd preferably are perfectlyplanesurfaces, and may be very rapidly formed by filing or by suitablemachinery. The inner surfaces of the spurs O C may also be finished bythe file or other tool at the same time with the floor-lips.

My experiments indicate that the increased area of the floor-lips doesnot interfere with the efficiency of the tool, while the floor-lipspermit the formation of relatively very large circumferentialguiding-surfaces near the extremity without increasing the labor orexpense of the manufacture.

I claim as my invention- The double-twist auger-bit described, havingthethickened portions A, terminating with the offsets a each offset beingnearly over the opposite cutting-edge, B, so as by the broad cylindricalbearings presented at the periphery to afford great lateralguiding-surface, and. requiring only small spurs 0, all substantially asherein specified.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand, at New York city N.Y., this 7th day of October, 1832, in the presence of two subscribingwitnesses.

IRA T; PAYNE.

\Vitnesses: a

A. H. GENTNER, CHARLES R. SEARLE.

